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SFP#12: Enforcement of the GNU GPL with Till Jaeger

mercredi 22 septembre 2021 à 01:00

SFP#12: Enforcement of the GNU GPL with Till Jaeger

With our 12th episode of the Software Freedom Podcast we dig into the history and the beginning of enforcing Free Software licences, especially the GNU General Public Licence (GNU GPL). Together with Till Jaeger, who has been working alongside Harald Welte for enforcing the GNU GPL in the first court cases in Germany, we talk about the long way we have come since those early days.

Our guest, Till Jaeger, discusses with our host, Matthias Kirschner, how the decision to go to court and stand up for the rights of copyleft licences came about. Till and Matthias tell an exciting story about those first steps on this new legal ground. They also highlight the short term and long term impacts of the first court decision in favour of Free Software. For example, how more and more information about licensing and especially using a Free Software licence became available and publicly known. But also how workshops, like the FSFE's yearly Legal and Licensing Workshop were created for those interested in using and being compliant to Free Software licences.

Discover together with us the changes that have come from those first steps to the acceptance of Free Software in companies. Till has been involved with Free Software licensing for a long time and provides a deep and well rounded insight into the history of enforcing the GNU GPL. To give this episode a perfect ending, Matthias and Till also talk about some of the most common misunderstandings of Free Software licensing. This is the perfect episode for everyone to get an insight into one of the most important events in the history of enforcing Free Software licences.

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Interviews for the German federal election 2021

lundi 20 septembre 2021 à 01:00

Interviews for the German federal election 2021

The 2021 federal election in Germany (26.09.2021) is just around the corner. Digital sovereignty, through the use of Free Software, is at the centre of our exchange with the political parties, which we have also conducted via our organisations' election questions to the parties. We are pleased that, in a further step, we were able to talk personally with candidates from all parties with a chance of participating in the next government and ask them in more depth what they and their party would like to do to advance digitisation in Germany with Free software.

There are many encouraging signals that the importance of Free Software is recognised and addressed by all the parties surveyed. In the end, it will be important for this to find its way into political work and for sovereign solutions to be used, especially in the public sector. We thank all politicians for their support and look forward to continuing the dialogue after the election when it comes to negotiating the coalition agreement and starting the substantive work in parliament and government. We will publish an interview conducted by Alexander Sander from FSFE and Karl Krüger from OSB Alliance every day from today onwards. Interviews are in German.

Nadine Schön, MdB, CDU Deputy Chairwoman of the CDU/CSU parliamentary group in the Bundestag, responsible for the areas of Family, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth and Digital Agenda

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Demand for transparent CovPass apps in EU +++ Dutch gain Router Freedom

lundi 13 septembre 2021 à 01:00

Demand for transparent CovPass apps in EU +++ Dutch gain Router Freedom

In our August-September Newsletter, we celebrate the right of using a custom router in the Netherlands. We explain why every app that tackles the spread of Covid-19 has to be Free Software. We share the news of our vibrant community, following up what happened in the summertime and what lies ahead of us.

CovPass apps should be available to all; thus, they should be Free Software

Apps that are necessary for everyone should be available to everyone, without having to install additional and proprietary software stores. This was not the case with the German CovPass app, which provides the EU digital COVID certificate for Corona vaccination on smartphones. It was only available on Apple, Huawai and Google app stores due to proprietary dependencies. Such a practice neglects those who consciously avoid proprietary software and choose to use Free Software. For them, the app was unavailable.

Experts saved the day, and therefore we would like to thank @jugendhacker, @mythsunwind, @rugk, @tzugen, Felix C. Stegerman, and Marcus Hoffmann. Together, they worked selflessly for weeks and developed the CovPass app for F-droid. The experts also removed proprietary Google libraries which were not necessary for the app to function.

This additional work would not have been necessary if the CovPass developers - who are paid with public funds - had not included these unnecessary proprietary libraries from the beginning. Furthermore, the company developing CovPass was unsupportive towards external developers, which increased the difficulty for the volunteers to contribute improvements. Because of this, improvements which would have required little effort by the original developers turned out to be a difficult task for third-party experts. It is a typical problem that can be avoided by releasing as Free Software any software whose development is publicly funded.

The same process happened last year with the German Covid-tracing app: experts voluntarily took over governments' and administrations' tasks to make this app available to everyone. In the case of Covid-related apps, public bodies have failed in Germany. "We urge the government to quickly adapt its practices and make sure everyone can use such apps without any restrictions from the start" says Matthias Kirschner, President of the FSFE. The silver lining in contrast is the example of Switzerland, where the official Covid certificate app was added to F-droid by the Federal Office of Information Technology, Systems and Telecommunication (FOITT).

Advocating pays off: Dutch Internet users gain Router Freedom

Router Freedom is now a reality in the Netherlands. All Internet Service Providers (ISPs) must allow end-users to choose and use their own routers and modems within 6 months. Also, it was secured that consumers who set up an alternative router should still enjoy technical support by the ISPs. The Dutch Authority for Consumers and Markets' (ACM) decision represents a victory for consumers in the Netherlands and a win for net neutrality in Europe.

The new rules passed after a persistent effort of the FSFE to draw attention to the importance of Router Freedom. The FSFE contacted BEREC raising the Router Freedom demand for the first time three years ago, in 2018, resulting in establishing Router Freedom as a standard for European countries. In 2019, the FSFE contacted the Dutch national agency too, to enquire about the situation in the country. Since then, the FSFE's Country Team Netherlands pushed the issue through by organising seminars, talking to stakeholders, going to events, raising the issue on social media, and helping with the elaboration of technical and legal documents.

Now, it is the time to celebrate. ACM's decision is a major win for all end-users in the Netherlands!

Do you want to learn more about the status of Router Freedom in your country? Check our monitoring map! You can contribute with our work by taking part in our end-user survey to help monitoring Router Freedom in your country.

Upcoming events:

On Wednesday 15 September at 20:00 CEST, the Dutch FSFE team will have its monthly meeting. The Dutch team always welcomes new members. If you would like to take part in the meeting, please contact the FSFE Coordinator of the Netherlands, Nico Rikken.

In September's monthly meeting, the FSFE Women group will discuss gender aspects of learning programming. Research papers will be briefly presented and discussed. We welcome new members who identify as females. The date is still to be arranged, so if you are interested in Free Software join our mailing list and get to know us.

What we have done:

FSFE information stall on Veganmania, Vienna 2021

Get active for the Federal election in Germany

On 26 September, a new Bundestag will be elected in Germany. We are engaged around the election and want to ensure with our activities that "Public Money? Public Code!" plays an important role for the next government. Therefore we want to make sure that our "Public Money? Public Code!" demands will be included in the coalition agreement of Germany's next government. To achieve this we need your help and support. You can learn how you can help us in the dedicated activity package [DE].

Contribute to our newsletter

If you would like to share any thoughts, pictures, or news, please send them to us. As always, the address is newsletter@fsfe.org. We're looking forward to hearing from you! If you also want to support us and our work, join our community and support us with a donation or a monthly contribution. Thanks to our community and all the volunteers, supporters, and donors who make our work possible. And thanks to our translators, who enable you to read this newsletter in your native languages.

Your editor, Fani Partsafyllidou

The biggest financial impact the FSFE faces in these times of physical distancing is the cancellation of Free Software conferences, including our own events. To keep the software freedom movement solid and alive, please consider donating a part of your conference budget to Free Software organisations, including the FSFE.

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Public bodies fail: Volunteers have to sacrifice free time to make CovPass app available to all

lundi 30 août 2021 à 01:00

Public bodies fail: Volunteers have to sacrifice free time to make CovPass app available to all

After the successful liberation of the German Corona tracing app from Google services last year, volunteers once more have to step in to take over the government's task in order to make the CovPass app available to everyone.

With the CovPass app, the EU digital COVID certificate for Corona vaccination can be used on smartphones. Until today, it was only available on Apple, Huawai and Google app stores due to proprietary dependencies. The support team of the CovPass app also argued that the app cannot be published in other app stores due to security reasons and to prevent misuse. This argumentation is not only misleading and wrong, as we have already seen with other Corona apps, but prevents the use of many Corona apps for people who value privacy and software freedom on their devices. A group of volunteers worked heavily in the past weeks to make this app available to everyone and released it today on F-Droid, a Free Software app store.

To do so, the volunteers also removed proprietary Google libraries which are not necessary for the app to function. This additional work could have been prevented if the CovPass developers (who are paid with public funds) would not include such unnecessary proprietary libraries from the beginning. Furthermore, the company developing CovPass was unsupportive towards external developers, which increased the difficulty for the volunteers to contribute improvements. Because of this, improvements which would have required little effort by the original developers turned out to be a difficult task for volunteers. A positive example is the COVID Certificate, the official app for storing and presenting Swiss COVID certificates. It was developed by the Federal Office of Information Technology, Systems and Telecommunication (FOITT) on behalf of the Federal Office of Public Health, and the developers made sure to include the app in the Free Software app store F-Droid themselves.

Felix C. Stegerman, software developer and part of the volunteers group that worked on the CovPass app: "I want to make sure that everyone can use publicly financed apps so we can tackle the pandemic. It is sad that the processes of some of those publicly financed apps scare off external contributions instead of working together on improvements. More administrations should follow the example of the developers of the Swiss COVID Certificate app."Matthias Kirschner, President of the Free Software Foundation Europe expresses: "One more time volunteers are taking over governments' and administrations' tasks to make Corona apps available to everyone. The FSFE thanks @jugendhacker, @mythsunwind, @rugk, @tzugen, Felix C. Stegerman and Marcus Hoffmann for their crucial work in tackling the pandemic. But it should not be on volunteers to do this job: we urge the government to quickly adapt its practices and make sure everyone can use such apps without any restrictions from the start. Furthermore, if ensured that solutions are published as Free Software, they can be adjusted and reused by other institutions around the world." Free Your Android

Since the beginning of the Corona crisis, the FSFE has demanded that all apps released to tackle the crisis must be Free Software. Only Free Software offers enough transparency to validate complete data protection and compliant use; allowing trust to be established. Also, global problems need global solutions, and it is only Free Software that enables global code development in a legally safe and cooperative environment. Any proprietary solution will inevitably lead to countless isolated solutions and thereby waste energy and time. Besides global cooperation, Free Software licences allow sharing of code in any jurisdiction and for every device.

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Dutch authority enforces Router Freedom

jeudi 5 août 2021 à 01:00

Dutch authority enforces Router Freedom

The Dutch Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM) has published new rules that will move Router Freedom forward in the Netherlands. Within 6 months Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have to comply and offer the option for consumers and companies to connect a modem or router of their own choice. The FSFE acknowledges this decision as a major win for consumer rights.

Router Freedom is the right that consumers of any ISP have to choose and use a private modem and router instead of equipment that the ISP provides. In its publication (.pdf) the Dutch Authority cites the BEREC Guidelines on the Implementation of the Open Internet Regulation as the reason for stating the new rules. These guidelines came about with the persistent effort of the FSFE to draw attention to the importance of and right to Router Freedom. As another motivation the ACM explicitly mentions the "significant" group of users wanting to take control of their personal data and network devices.

The new regulation clarifies which part of the infrastructure falls under the governance of the ISP and for which part the user is free to choose their own solution. Router Freedom also implies a user is still free to choose a modem or router offered by the ISP. It is an important step forward that this practice will be the norm from 27 February 2022 and will be enforced by the Dutch regulator. Although the legal aspects have been defined now in the Netherlands, in practice Router Freedom was already tolerated in the country. Most ISPs indicated that they allow consumers to connect their own preferred devices. One even gives consumers a discount if they use their own router or modem.

The details

An important step forward is the explicit choice by the ACM for the Network Termination Point (NTP). The BEREC Guidelines suggest three possible locations, in short A) at the end of the cable B) after the modem C) after the router or mediabox. The ACM has opted for the NTP to be at the end of the cable, offering the maximum of flexibility to the user. This "passive" termination point avoids users having to accept the operation of a device outside of their control, and allows for Router Freedom.

Schematic overview of the Network Termination Point (NTP)

The new rules contain statements on what service should be provided. ISPs are allowed to publish a list of devices, but cannot limit the support to only that list of devices. ISPs should provide the administrative measures within one working day. ISPs maintain the ability to disconnect a user in case damage is done to the network. For troubleshooting a policy is described by which first the ISP has to check it is not their network that is faulty, after which the user can be requested to use a known working device provided by the ISP to verify it is not the different modem or router that is at fault. In case the custom modem or router is at fault, the ISP is allowed to request a financial compensation for providing the known working device for testing purposes.

Space for improvement

ACM's decision is a major win for all end-users in the Netherlands. The decision provides more clarity on the legal aspects involving the NTP. However, ISPs' commercial practices involving routers and modems still pose barriers against end-users' Router Freedom:

The new rules don't contain statements that will change the situation on these points, so the FSFE will continue to call for a more robust Router Freedom and monitor the situation in the Netherlands.

The Router Freedom initiative

Since 2013, the Free Software Foundation Europe has engaged with Router Freedom, promoting end-users' freedom to choose and use their own terminal equipment - first in Germany as a precedent, and now in many European countries. Join us and learn more about the several ways to get involved.

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