The most noteworthy initiatives of recent months include:

•  The phenomenon of Internet memes, content that passes rapidly from person to person online, going “viral” and often evolving in the process, in a form of spontaneous online popular culture. They typically use humour and Photoshop editing to make fun of social or political issues and, in countries such as China, to evade filtering by censors. Chinese examples include Grass Mud Horse, which uses wordplay in a popular song to mock censorship, and the artist Ai Weiwei’s sunflower seeds.
• The online resistance to censorship of the Chinese newspaper Nanfang Zhoumo’s New Year editorial calling for constitutional reforms.
• The role played by WCITLeaks in promoting transparency during the negotiations over a new International Telecommunication Union treaty at the World Conference on International Telecommunications in Dubai in December 2012.
• The campaign by the French advocacy group La Quadrature du Net against the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA).
• The first Stop Cyber Spying campaign, a week of online protest in the United States against the proposed Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act of 2011 (CISPA), and the new Stop Cyber Spying campaign in response to the proposed Cybersecurity Act of 2012 (CSA).
• The Save Your Voice campaign by civil society and Internet users in India to demand repeal of the IT Rules, legislation that limits online freedom of expression. Two cyber-activists even went on hunger strike.
• The blackout of 500 websites in Jordan on 29 August 2012 to protest  (#BlackoutJO and #FreeNetJO) against repressive amendments to the press and publications law.
• The Stop Online Spying campaign that the Canadian advocacy group Open Media launched last September with a petition against the C-30 bill.
• The campaign for Internet freedom in Azerbaijan waged by the ExpressionOnline coalition and other groups during the Internet Governance Forum in Baku in November 2012.
• The Rublacklist, created by the Russian Pirate Party in response to Internet filtering. The group keeps a close watch on blocking, offers online censorship circumvention tools and provides mirror sites and hosting solutions for sites that have been blocked unjustly.

Send us information about the campaigns to defend online freedom of expression and information that have impressed you most.